Multicultural counselling issues

Gender plays role in racial discrimination because males and females of a different ethnicity argon treated in different ways. In peculiar(prenominal) instance, females of a specific ethnic group experience at to the lowest degree devil forms of discrimination based of her race, sexual activity, religious belief, age and social status. The bourn racism is strongly associated with hatred and prejudice of an individual(a)s individuality including any aspects of his identity and sexual orientation hence females experience a different manner of discrimination.International groups such as the joined Nations gene charge per unit regarded racial and grammatical gender discrimination as two independent dos resulting in females continuing to suffer from numerous types of injustices. It is thus essential that the gender destiny of racial discrimination be nearly understood in arrange to draw actions towards racial discrimination that are helpful to both males and females. in that l ocation are several instances when the issues of gender and racial discrimination interconnect (Crenshaw KW, 2000). The interplay of these two concepts whitethorn take different modes and arise in different circumstances. champion situation involves gender-based violence. In this situation, females are to a greater extent likely to experience more cases of violence because discrimination that is influenced by gender depicts females as the most defenceless ele manpowerts of society.Inclusion of the concept of racial discrimination thus generates violence on females, making them twice at risk of violence. These kinds of circumstances tend to be more difficult because certain women from remote areas may be hesitant in reporting any violent incidents that they allow experienced because they are concerned that no action provide be performed with regards to their report or that their statement will be received with indifference or hostility. other situation wherein gender is interco nnected with racial discrimination can be observed among impoverished women. It has been estimated that approximately 1.3 billion individuals who are living in extreme need are women (UNDP, 2000). such(prenominal) condition is strongly tie in to their inability to receive any form of education as well as training courses hence rendering them under-qualified for most of the available employment.Simultaneously, the trends of globalization and alteration in governmental laws have resulted in more problems for women because gender inequalities were exposed. One example can be observed among governments that do non provide unemployment insurance of single mothers or female heads of households. The merged arrange of gender and racial discrimination may to a fault hinder the retrieval of women to economic resources, including loans, credit and real estate property and can in any case affect the treatment they receive when they request for social services from the government. Such hard ship thus endangers women to poverty and financial hardship.Gender is also intertwined with the issue of racial discrimination in terms of education. It has been discovered that the global literacy rate for women is significantly lower than that among men. The discrepancy in literacy rate between men and women is even greater in developing countries. More than half of out-of-school children are girls and that among illiterate adults, two-thirds are comprised by women. These gender-based illiteracy reports show that females have less entryway to educational resources which in turn results in a lower rate of participation in training programs.Such abate in education restrains females in their full understanding and awareness of their legitimate rights, including the right to be employed and to own real estate properties. The accession of females to education through with(predicate) attendance in school is also bear upon by circumstances of early pregnancy, childrearing and domes tic family responsibilities. The lack or want of knowledge on reproductive health among women due to poor access to educational resources further hampers the living conditions of women. It is well-known that education is strongly match with employment options and financial stability, hence women are at a single out with regards to availing such opportunities.2. Due to the increasing diverse population in our society, it is crying for mental health practiti wizrs to increase their pagan awareness and cultural competence in the figure out of mental hygiene. A culturally competent healer is one who has moved from ignorance to being conditiond with his/her own cultural heritage and to respecting differences. In addition, he/she is cognizant of how his/her values and biases affect minority lymph glands.A culturally competent therapist must acquire specific knowledge link up to the history of cultural standards and deportmentstyles about the minority group with which he/she i s tending. It is also outstanding to have a thorough knowledge of socio-political factors and how they affect these marginalized groups in relation to the majority glossiness. In addition, a culturally competent therapist should understand value assumptions (abnormality and normality) that are fundamental in the major schools of therapy and how they may influence the values of the culturally different.Some major models may ricochet the abilities of the culturally different client due to the generic characteristics of therapy including language issues culture bound values and class-bound values. At the skills level, a culturally competent therapist should be able to tap into a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal repartees. The focus should be to practice with a multitude of response modalities rather than relying on narrow set of skills in therapy.The application of psychological science is largely a product of individualistic cultures and may be funny when applied to collecti vist cultures. Individualistic and collectivist cultures are exact opposites on a continuum of how people interact with others and the collectivist values may practically clash with the individualistic values inherent in the management and psychotherapy process.The psychoanalytic get along emphasizes achieving insight through the discovery of unconscious thoughts, feelings and motivations, which is standardised to other ethnic cultural concepts such as striving for self-development through the process of introspection. Although insight-oriented approach is appealing to most clients of different ethncities, they practice the process of self-examination privately and non revealed to others. Hence, clinicians should attend to the possible uneasiness of the client while exploring the most intimate thoughts and feelings in their inner world.For example, most Asian clients anticipate quick symptom relief when they actually do look to mental health services. Rather than mere reliance of free association, the clinician could tincture structure in the therapy session by asking questions and giving directions to the client. This would not only maximize the effectiveness of therapy outcome but also experience the clients expectations in treatment. One way of addressing of this problem is for the clinician to educate the client at the onset therapy the nature and rationale of psychoanalytic approach to ease the client into the process.Some of the more commonly complaints made by Asian clients is their impatience in the process of psychoanalytic therapy with the clinicians whole step in addressing the clients symptoms focus of the past rather than the gift and lack of structure in the session. Exploration of the clients life events that are relevant to them such as migration experiences would inadvertently elicit important reading such as past memories of childhood and or maternal(p) influences. Clinicians should be aware of other cultures worldviews and values and the similarities and differences that personify with the host culture.These values and beliefs are inherent in tales, fables and myths in a culture. For example, hierarchical transfer of training is common in Asian cultures where the client brings the Asian values of filial piety (childrens obligation to care for cured parents) and respect to authority. In addition, authority figures are i hired handized as sympathetic in Asian cultures hence the client experiences a positive relationship with the therapist similar to that of a parent and child, in which the client will obey and respect the therapist. Clinicians can work through this transference by offering a positive interpretation of this type of hierarchical transference as well as respecting the clients cultural values.3. The refusal to work with a homosexual client is an respectable violation because counseling should be provided to any individual regardless of culture, gender, sexual orientation and ethnicity. The R ehabilitation deed of conveyance Amendment of 1992 discretely describes that actions of inequitable treatment of minorities or members of an ethnic group or gender have been observed in majority of rehabilitation operations. Research has indicated that cultural diversity is a common factor that a counselor has to deal with during his routine operations and that positive results have increased when personal information with regards to the patient are disclosed to the counselor prior to treatment or consultation.Disclosure provides ample time for the counselor to prepare himself for the encounter with the patient, unitedly with the patients primer, including sexual orientation, religious belief, cultural background and ethnicity. The refusal of a counselor to work with a homosexual client thus is an ethical violation because the counselor restricts himself from providing his services to any individual who requests his service. Every individual should have an equal opportunity to re quest and receive services from a counselor and any other healthcare practitioner, regards of the details of his background.For my future counseling practice, I will also employ the self-disclosure strategy in battle array to accommodate the multicultural setting of my practice. I think the if I sugar to self-disclose my information to the client before counseling, the client will feel more relaxed and comfortable to interact with me during counseling sessions because my client will feel that he is not alone in terms of self-disclosure choices.ReferencesCrenshaw KW (2000) Gender-related aspects of race discrimination, background paper for Expert Meeting on Gender and Racial Discrimination, 21-24 Novem-ber 2000, Zagreb, Croatia (EM/GRD/ 2000/WP.1).United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2000) Poverty Report 2000 Overcoming Human Poverty.